Thought I would start a history, legends, ect. about Polish Bred Arabians...Here are some that I have archived...

Ofir & Mammona

This is from "The Common Room Readers"World wars, spoils of war, death marches, the desert sands of Araby, etc. You all are on the edge of your seats, 'tis certain so.

The story of Ofir begins in 1924, when Kuhalian Haifi was foaled in Arabia. In 1931 he and four other stallions were transported to Poland by the Prince Roman Sanguszko. Unfortunately, Kuhailan Haifi died two years later, but before his death he sired Ofir, out of Dziwa.

Ofir became the Chief Sire of the Janow Podlaski stud and there earned his title as "Regenerator of the Breed." In 1939, 'twas World War 2, and horses have ever been spoils of war.

Ofir was captured by the Russian army and transported to the Tersk stud with many others, including his daughter Mammomona, then a suckling foal. She walked, with her dam, the 1,000 miles to the stud only to be moved months later. The Russian army was advancing, and the entire stud was transported to Asia. Not yet a year old, Mammona walked the 2,000 miles with the rest of the herd. (Arabian fanciers, at this point, are fond of mentioning that though many of the Thoroughbreds and halfbreds sadly died, not a single Arabian of any age lost their lives on the journey. It is a point, and they are champions at endurance to this day.)

The war ended, but the significance of Mammona and Ofir did not. Ofir's grandson *Bask was transported to the United States and there turned the world of Arabian breeding upside down.

Another from the Pride of Poland 2006 website:

PREDICTABILITY - PRODUCTIVITY - PROMISE

These virtues continue to be guiding principles of the centuries-old Polish Arabian breeding program. For the past 38 years, the annual Polish Arabian auction - the Pride of Poland - has evolved into the premier venue in which these foundation characteristics are fulfilled. International breeders and enthusiasts have come to expect the very best from the Polish auction - the predictability of renowned sire and dam lines built upon generations of accomplished breeding and performance champions; the productivity of sires and dams who continue to set the standard in the Arabian breed; and the promise of young mares and stallions from proven bloodlines, awaiting their chance to achieve on the international stage.

PREDICTABILITY

Standard setters in the show ring and record setters in the sale ring, the daughters of MONOGRAMM have grown to epitomize the excellence of the Polish Arabian breeding program. Six exemplary daughters have achieved six-figure sale prices since 2003, an exclusive group which includes European Champion ESKALOPKA, Polish National Champion EKSCELLA as well as the unforgettable beauties PALESTYNA and ELANDRA. Two exceptional MONOGRAMM daughters are offered in the 2006 collection from Micha?ów's most notable dam lines: the gorgeous GEHENNA from the accomplished dam family of GIZELA and the elegant ELGANDA from the incomparable "E" family of ESTOKADA.
The 2006 collection once again offers an elite selection of the best daughters of legendary broodmare sire EUKALIPTUS. Cherished the world over for their incredible beauty and remarkable prolificacy, these mares have set the standard as show winners and consistent producers for over two decades. Represented by European Champion ESKLAWA, Polish National Champion LARISSA and international champions HULANKA and EGNA in the past, EUKALIPTUS is once again in the spotlight in 2006 with 5 magnificent daughters offered. These include: the regal beauty PEPESZA, champion producer from Janów's unparalleled "P" family of champions; alluring ALEGORIA - a royal descendant of the "Queen of Janów" ALGERIA; the athletic TRIPLA - the best daughter of international champion producer TREMA; and enchanting EMANTKA - a double EUKALIPTUS-bred descendant of the legendary EMIGRACJA through the ethereal EMANACJA.
Several premier offerings in 2006 descend directly from the elite daughters of EUKALIPTUS. The eldest and most accomplished of these is the glorious HULA, Polish National Top Five Mare, champion producer and the best daughter of All Scandinavian Reserve Champion HULANKA. The only daughter of European, Polish National and twice All Scandinavian Champion Mare ESKLAWA is also among the collection: ESTURIA, sired by international champion ECAHO, has been a consistent Top Five winner at the Polish Nationals. The legendary EMANACJA, European, All Nations Cup and Polish National Champion, is also represented with one her youngest daughters - EL MINIA - who best combines the beauty, stretch and athleticism of her multi-international champion sire PESAL.
EUKALIPTUS and MONOGRAMM strongly influence the selection of sires offered in Pride of Poland 2006. Chief among these is EMROD, a multi-international champion all across Europe, who is uniquely linebred to both EUKALIPTUS and the family of ESKAPADA through his Polish National champion sire and dam, EMIGRANT and EMPRESSA, respectively. Babolna International Champion MIGRANT is another impressive son of European Champion EMIGRANT, who typifies the MONOGRAMM strengths through his multi-champion producing dam MINA.
Poland has had great success in producing and selling several of the great racehorses and racehorse sires in the Arabian breed. This impressive group of athletes has included: WIKING, SAMBOR, ORZEL and PAMIR as well as auction record setters BATYSKAF and DRUID. Triple Crown winner WILIAM & Derby victor ESPADERO join this elite group in 2006 as a major highlight of the Pride of Poland collection. Superbly conformed, impressively accomplished and aristocratically bred, WILIAM & ESPADERO represent the pinnacle of achievement for the Polish Arabian breeding program.

PRODUCTIVITY

The Arabians of Poland are without peer internationally as the best source of consistent productivity. Over the decades mares and stallions purchased in the Polish auctions have gone on to positively influence breeding programs in every corner of the world. The 2006 collection continues this grand tradition with several superlative individuals from the best sire and dam lines offered.

The premier "P" family of champions made famous in Janów Podlaski and Bialka is represented with six mares. The best of these include: the ethereal Polish National Top Five winner PEPESZA - the most beloved daughter of the exquisite PESTKA - and dam of International Champion PERSEUSZ; superbly conformed and royally bred PILICA - daughter of Polish National Champions FAWOR and PIPI - a Polish Top Five winner and dam of European & Polish National Champion PALMETA. Two descendants of the incomparable World Champion PILARKA are also among the collection: PIWNICA and PIASTA. Bialka aristocrat dam PERFORACJA, dam of international sensation PESAL, is represented with her lovely daughter PERFAZJA, sired by Polish National Champion Stallion & Racehorse of the Year BATYSKAF.
Micha?ów's legendary "E" family of Milordka is once again in the spotlight with several exceptional representatives amongst the offering. The descendants of EMIGRACJA - "Pearl of Micha?ów" and without question the most prolific source of champions in modern Polish Arabian breeding - are among the best in the auction. These include descendants of: inimitable international champion and aristocrat producer EMANACJA - EL MINIA & Polish National Top Five winner EMANTKA; ENTELLA - a daughter of Polish National Champions ELLADA and GENGES; and ENTUZA - a daughter of EUKALIPTUS out of Polish National Top Five winner EKOLOGIA. European and Polish National Champion EMIGRANTKA figures strongly into the pedigree of Vilhelmsborg International, Polish National & Swedish National Champion EMROD. His best get in Sweden include several international and National winners bred at Blommerod.

The extraordinary "E" family of Milordka is further represented by: Polish National Top five winner and champion producer ELGANDA; the elegant SANADIK EL SHAKLAN daughter ELIGIA; the elegant ESTURIA - Polish National Top five winner and daughter of international champion ECAHO and ESKLAWA; as well as EUDOCJA - a promising daughter of World Champion EKSTERN who traces tail female to ESTOKADA through both sire and dam.
The legendary BALALAJKA - "Miss Albigowa" and the dam of breed foundations BASK, BANDOLA and ARFA - is represented by two exceptional females. HULA sets the international standard as one of the most beautiful mares in Poland. Her aristocratic pedigree lends credibility to not only her enchanting beauty but to her predictable ability to produce champions such as Polish National Top Five winner HUN. The promising BARKA descends directly from BANDOLA through her youngest daughter BALLADA, dam of Polish & Swedish National Champion BALON.

PARMA - Polish producer extraordinaire as the dam of the five international champion sons PARTNER, PAMIR, PARYS, PASAT and POLONEZ - is represented by three splendid descendants. These include PORFIRIA out of the exquisite PARANA, PARELLA out of international champion PARTYTURA, and PARMENA, out of the last PARMA daughter PARAFRAZA.

Several individual stars represent the remaining exceptional dam families in Poland. Polish National class winner FRASKATA, the most dynamic mover in all of Poland, typifies the extraordinary athletic ability and consistent quality of the dam family of FORTA. The beautifully conformed WOJSLAW daughter LORETTA is a half sister to Polish National Champion LARISSA through her aristocrat dam LINDA, a beautiful and beloved daughter of PALAS. The ultra-exotic Polish National Champion ANGOLA is represented by two lovely descendants through her international champion daughter ANTWERPIA: ANTENA and ANTONIA. Aristocrat dam GIZELA, pillar of Micha?ów's esteemed "G" family of champions, is represented by her delightful daughter GEHENNA and granddaughter GRYZETKA, daughter of Oaks winner GARONNA and sister to multi-international champion GANGES. Janów's regally bred EDREADA traces directly to the epochal broodmatron ETNA through the beloved Polish National Champion EQUITANA. ESTERIA, an attractive daughter of British National Champion GABARYT, traces directly to Polish foundation mare ELLORA through ELEKTRA, dam of international sire of significance EL GHAZI. The enchantingly feminine ARARAT daughter ZWADA is out of Polish National Reserve Champion ZALETA, a descendant of All Nations Cup Champion ZAZULA and close relative to World & US National Champion ZAGROBLA.

PROMISE

Unparalleled promise is the hallmark of the Pride of Poland auction. The astonishing list of horses offered in the auction who have gone on to achieve success for their new owners is without equal in the Arabian horse world. This "Who's Who" list of champions includes: European Champions EMILDA & PIKIETA; British National Champions PILARKA, SASZA & PREMIER; US National Winners KORDELAS, EL MUNDO & ORDYNEK; Canadian National Champions EDINA & CAMEA; and International Champions EUSKARA, PROGNOZA, EWAKUACJA, PALESTRA, GRENLANDIA, ENDEL, FERNANDO, PALBA, EGNA & ALT. While several of the exceptional mares and stallions listed earlier already have credentials behind them and have the proficient ability to achieve success in show rings around the world, it is the promise of the superbly bred youngsters that makes the 2006 collection most intriguing.

Polish National Champion & US Reserve National Champion GANGES is represented with several gifted sons and daughters in the 2006 collection. Each inherit his superlative athletic ability, his long elegant neck, proud aristocratic carriage and well balanced, substantial conformation. Full siblings ENTELLA & ENNIS, promising young sires ZYGMUNT and ZAKAZANY OWOC, as well as the lovely young MARITA all typify the lasting legacy of GANGES.

International champion and sire of significance ECAHO is represented with three young daughters, each descending from the most esteemed dam families. The eldest of these, ESTURIA, extends the legacy of her ethereal dam ESKLAWA. PIASTA carries on the tradition of World & European champion PILARKA. CELESTA embodies the beauty and elegance of CEDULA and CELNA, the latter an unforgettable star from Pride of Poland 2005.
Several promising daughters of MONAR typify the athletic ability, superb conformation and unique type of their sire. WYROCZNIA and FANGORIA are both out of superlative daughters of MONOGRAMM. ORIKA and PANNA descend directly from Bialka-bred champions representing Poland's most athletic dam families.

Polish National Champion ARARAT, always a reliable source of exotic type, feminine elegance and exceptional scope and size, is represented by an exceptionally well-bred group of daughters. BARKA, ANTONIA, ZWADA, PORFIRIA, & EDREADA are among the most promising mares in the 2006 collection; the handsome young EPOLET stands out as a rising star amongst the stallions.

Polish National, Dutch National, All Nations Cup Reserve and thrice World Top Ten Champion PESAL is represented with an exemplary group of daughters. The royally bred EL MINIA leads the way, followed by the pleasant PIRAMIDA and the athletically inclined ABBA.
Two young daughters of international champion mares are also among the most interesting of the 2006 Pride of Poland collection. OLIVIA, daughter of European champion ELDON & All Scandinavian Champion OLITA, beautifully combines the elegance and extravagant length of neck of her dam with the power and athletic structure of her sire. A similar phenotypic result is evident in ENDYWIA, a daughter of Triple Crown winning racehorse WILIAM and European Champion Mare ESKALOPKA, a charming young mare with the style, charisma and enchanting femininity of her dam and the powerful, substantial conformation of her sire.

This is from Marsha Parkinson, written Feb 2007...

Kuhailan and Saklawi horses

The "types" of Polish horses that are being used here are not necessarily the same with other blood sources. These terms are applied as used in the Polish breeding program, and the Russian horses, and a few others. The "types" can be quite different when used by Egyptian breeders and others.

Also there is sometimes confusion as to what is meant by "type". In the case under discussion it has nothing to do with smushed in faces, tippy ears, or tail carriage. It has more to do with a kind of body construction, usability, length of head, and so forth. The three types in Polish breeding in this context all have "Breed type" which is more of what American thinking is of type.

So....the two main types of Polish horses are those of the Kuhailan and Saklawi horses. There are Maneghi horses too, as well as combinations of body styles. Without analyzing each and every horse, these terms here are being used in generalities, not always specific. Each sire line can create horses of different types depending on other genetic influences.

The sire lines creating more of the KUHAILAN type are:
Kuhailan Haifi (Witraz, Celebes, Wielki Szlem)
Kuhailan Afas (Comet, Probat, Carycyn)
Kuhailan Adjuze (Pietuszok, Laur)
Krzyzyk (Trypolis, Banat, Arbil)
Bairactar through (Arax, Nabeg, Wojslaw)
Kuhailan Zaid (Elbrus, Mir Said, Algorab) at this time this sire line is not in Poland

The sire lines creating more of the Saklawi type are:
Ilderim (Aquinor, Partner, Penitent)
Ibrahim (Skowronek, Eukaliptus)
Saklawi I (Nazeer, Palas, Emigrant)
Bairactar (Amurath Sahib, Gwarny, Balon)

Maneghi type is more of the looks of
Hardy, Set, and Metropolis

Now, the first conclusion one would jump to is to say all bays are Kuhailan, all greys are Saklawi and all chestnuts are Maneghi. Close, but no cigar. (Cigar, as a matter of fact was a Kuhailan Thoroughbred.)

There are bay Saklawi horses, albeit not frequent. The Pattersons considered Deficyt a bay Saklawi. Certainly his dam Dewiza (Negatiw) carried a good amount of influence in his body type. There are grey Kuhailans, usually fleaspeckled, but not all flea speckled horses are grey Kuhailans. Example of this is Gdansk, and Comet, both Kuhailan type.

*Bask was externally a Kuhailan, but when bred to Saklawi mares, often created Saklawi offspring. When bred to Kuhailan horses they were definitely Kuhailan. And with the chestnuts, they were both and inbetween, sometimes creating some of his best foals. (According to what Dr. LaCroix told me.)

So too, with the Bairactar line. This line has flipped back and forth from Kuhailan to Saklawi in sire descent and type. To bring it again to contemporary or reasonably recent times, Amurath Sahib (32 crosses to Bairactar) was definitely Saklawi. Bred to Angara (Wielki Szlem x Brda by Mersuch II), a bay mare, begat Arax. Bred to Gwara (Wielki Szlem x Canaria by Tripolis), also a bay mare, created Gwarny. Arax and Gwarny are 3/4 brothers! Totally different in type.

An earlier question was put forth as to what happens when you cross a Saklawi stallion on a Kuhailan mare. The best example of the results are with Arax. Arax was definitely a Kuhailan stallion. His sire was the very Saklawi Amurath Sahib, and his dam was a bay daughter of the very Kuhailan Wielki Szlem. Unfortunately, there are no photos of Angara, dam of Arax that I have been able to find YET.

Below, hopefully are photos of Gwarny, the Saklawi, and Arax, the Kuhailan. And yes, Celebes is definitely Kuhailan, interestingly he is out of Canaria, granddam of Gwarny! And Bandos is definitely a Saklawi stallion, and his dam, Bandola, is full sister to the Kuhailan *Bask.

Bandola is another mare who sired as well grey as bay, being the examples of Banat and Bandos; both out of Bandola, a speckled daughter of Kuhailan Witraz and Saklawi Balalajka (Amurath Sahib).
As the "smart" biology teacher I had years and years ago...asked how you tell the diffrence between boy chromosomes and girl chromosomes......You pull down their jeans/genes. Har.
The difference is in the Great Cosmic Roll of the DNA Dice. Negatiw overcame what Kuhailan genes that Bandola had, and El Azrak overcame the Saklawi genes that she had likewise.

In looking at Kuhailan and Saklawi type of horses, there are two nice sons of Monogramm who exemplify the difference a sprinkling of genes make. These two are Kordelas (Saklawi) and Ganges (Kuhailan).

Kordelas is out of a Palas daughter (Saklawi I sire line) who is out of an Elf daughter (Ilderim sire line) who is out of a Gwarny daughter (Bairactar sire line) and the tail female is the predominantly Kuhailan family of Gazella.

*Ganges is out of a Fanatyk (Kuhailan Haifi sire line) daughter who is out of a Palas (Saklawi I sire line) daughter, who is out of an Espartero daughter (Ibrahim sire line) who is out of a mare (Ilderim sire line), and traces to the predominantly Kuhailan family of Gazella.

So, these two stallions are very similar in pedigree as sire lines within the pedigree. Both are by Monogramm, both have lines to Saklawi I, Ilderim, and one other Saklawi line each. And both are of the Gazella family.

So the difference (somewhat) lies in the roll of the dice and the strength of the Kuhailan Haifi sire line through Ofir to Witraz to Celebes to Aloes to Fanatyk to Garonna, dam of *Ganges.

What fun breeding is! Study the difference in photos of Bandos and Celebes and soon the eye will learn the traits of both types.


Marsha
Canterbury Farm
Pure Polish Arabians

I don't remember where this came from...

A Celebration Of BALALAJKA
dam of Arfa, Bandola, and *BASK and other Treasures.
Foaled at Krasnicain 1941,

BALALAJKA was one of the most magnificent Arab mares in Poland,
combining handsome looks with size and perfect conformation.
Moreover, she was eminently feminine in character.
She gave her best offspring with Witraz.
They were the following horses of great class and quality :
The fillies Arfa, Bandola, Bakalarka and Barcza,
And the colts Banio, Bulat and Bask.

The bay Arfa - 1947, carried the stamp of her dam : she was somewhat less in substance, but was endowed with a strikingly handsome head and neck, and a superlative straight horizontal line of her croup. She had magnificent doe-like eyes, which looked on the world with great intelligence and benevolence.
In all, 18 mares trace back to Arfa, of which twelfe were exported, and six stallions, of which five were exported but three of them had been used for breeding pure Arabians in Poland.

The grey Bandola -1948, whose superlative refinement could only be fully described by a poet, is too well-known among Arab horse breeders and fans all over the world, to be discussed here.
Bandola can be defined as the dam of stallions of which this celebrated mare gave five.
Each of those stallions was by a different sire.

Bandola was mated with stallions which were very varied in type and looks, and gave with them offspring often better than their sires.

The third daughter of Balalajka and Witraz, Bakalarka - 1950, was small, and because of that, despite her handsome looks, she was not used for breeding.
Neither was her sister Barcza.

One of the sons of Balalajka and Witraz, the grey Banio - 1951, stood at stud in Nowy Dwor, while his brother Bask - 1956, just like Bandola, is too well known, especially in the US, to be described at this point.
In all, 25 mares descended from Balalajka of which 14 were exported, and 13 stallions of which 10 were exported.

Seven stallions of Balalajka's line were used for breeding in Poland.
Balalajka had few of her equals in the polish stock of pure Arabians, and has also inscribed her name in letters of gold in the annals of Arab horse breeding abroad.

If you love Polish horses, try to get the Book the above information was taken from..
"The Breeding Of Pure Blood Arabian Horses In Poland In Their Genealogical Charts...... 1975-1978 "
By Roman Pankiewicz and Lasma Arabians, published in Poland in 1979.
A second Book was published : Same title but the years....... 1979 - 1982.

In appreciation of the Polish Arabian Breeding Tradition, this book has been sponsored and produced by ARABIAN HORSE WORLD and Lasma Arabians, with special thanks to Zenon and Jolanta Lipowicz. 1985

Here is some info on Amurath Sahib from my archive:

The Bairactar sire line is one of the leading sire lines in the world and the oldest in Europe tracing back to the original desert import to the famous 19th century German Stud of Weil. Poland was very fortunate to inherit that sire line through the blood of Amurath 1881, whose son Amurath II, bred at the Austrian State Stud of Radowce, was incorporated into the Stud Depots of interwar Poland (it is important to remember that Poland did not exist as a geographical entity throughout the 19th century as a result of the infamous Three Partitions orchestrated by Catherine the Great which subdivided the country betwwen Imperial Russia, Austria and Prussia). Amurath II carried 12 crosses to the original desert import Bairactar.

From there, he was leased to the newly formed private Stud of Breniow owned by Franciszek and Teresa Raciborska, whose primary aim was to breed capable Arabian racehorses. In just twenty years of existence, Breniow was regarded as one of the leading Studs in Poland because of their high level of quality Arabian mares and the insistence on breeding those mares to only the best stallions. Amurath II covered four Breniow mares in total in 1930 and 1931, resulting in one foal each year - Niespodzianka in 1931 and Amurath Sahib in 1932. (Ironically, Niespodzianka is the only mare bred at Breniow whose dam family is still active in the modern Polish Arabian breeding program - Polish National Champion Mare Larissa is her direct descendant). The dam of Amurath Sahib was the best of the Breniow mares - Sahiba, the first winner of the Polish Oaks and Derby. Her sire, Nana Sahib I was a grandson of Amurath 1881 and carried an incredible 17 crosses to Bairactar.

Amurath Sahib, although not the race sensation his dam was, was an efficient racer with a record of 2/24 (7-5-8) including one stakes win. He was purchased soon after by the Polish government for use in the Stallion Depots. He stood his first season at stud in 1937 at the private studs of Wodzislaw and Krasnica, both located in the Kielce province near present day Michalow. Five mares each were covered at each of the studs over the next four years resulting in just five foals. Three of these turned out to be invaluable to the Arabian breed - full sisters Lala and Amneris (out of the Oaks winner Elsissa) bred at Wodzislaw and Balalajka (out of the very good Iwonka III - a Patton war prize who in the US became the dam of the useful Witez II son Iwonkatez and grandam to Bask-Tez) bred at Krasnica. Lala and Amneris were both incoprorated into the breeding program at Michalow following the war - Amneris has been immortalized through her two invaulable sons Aramus and Aquinor and whereas the dam family of Lala continues to thrive throughout the world as a very successful sub-branch of the dam line of Milordka, whose descendants including European Champions Eldon and Eskalopka, Polish National Champion Egzotyka, World Reserve Champion Edykt, Canadian National Champions Edina and Eskadra, Criterium winner Embargo, Oaks winner Etylina and the useful sires Espartero, Essaul and Elaborat. Balalajka was later sold with her daughter Arfa to the State Stud at Albigowa, the only instance of a private horse actually being sold for money following the war (all the rest were simply “assumed” by the government). There she was known as the “Queen of Albigowa” and along with Arfa, produced three more foals which were to globally impact the Arabian breed – Bandola (the “Queen of Poland”), Bachantka (foundation mare for Varian Arabians) and none other than the legendary Bask.
Amurath Sahib was evacuated to Hostau (a world famous AngloArab Stud in Czechoslovakia) with the Janow Podlaski herd in 1943. The entire herd was then again moved to Sohland in Germany in July of 1944.
In February of 1945, the herd was on the move again on foot, finding itself embroiled in the Allied attack on Dresden, one of the fiercest and deadliest of the war. Both Witraz and Wielki Szlem survived the horrific night thanks to the steadfast determination of one groom, Jan Ziniewicz, who, with a stallion in each hand, refused to let go of either charge, even when the tail of Witraz caught fire. It was Amurath Sahib that Director Krzysztalowicz rode into town the following morning to assess the condition of his herd. The entire herd was finally repatriated to Poland in 1946 and quartered at the State owned stud at Posadowo.

Amurath Sahib bred mares throughout the ordeal of the Second World War, but gave only one foal of note, the stallion Gedymin (Pieszczota) in 1945, who was sold to Bulgaria in 1949. At Posadowo in 1947, two daughters were born out the best Ofir daughters rescued during the war Arwila (Wilga) and Adis Abeba (Ofirka). Arwila was later sent to Albigowa and was used for many years before her sale to Patricia Lindsay – her descendants include Polish National Champion Angola and her excellent produce Anegdota, Angor and Antwerpia. Following a successful race career, the Oaks winner Adis Abeba was sent to Klemensow, a newly created stud whose aim was to produce Arabians of a more “Saklawi type”. Her family is still active at Michalow – her descendants include the useful North American sire Ardahan, Polish National Reserve Champion mare Amhara and the multiple stakes winner Arlet, chief sire at the Royal Stables of Morocco.

The Arabians at Posadowo were delegated to three newly created State Studs in 1946 – Nowy Dwor managed by Jozef Tyszkowski, Albigowa managed by Roman Pankiewicz and Klemensow managed by Jan Pszczolkowski. Janow Podlaski had been badly damaged by the Red Army at the end of the war and was considered inhabitable for breeding purposes (their world famous Anglo-Arab breeding program was reinstated in the 1950’s – the purebreds finally returned in 1960 and 1961 when the programs at Albigowa and Nowy Dwor were liquidated). Klemensow would later be relocated to Michalow in 1953 due to poor environmental conditions at the stud – legendary Director Ignacy Jaworowski was already operating as Stud Director by this time.

As the directive of Klemensow (Michalow) was to breed Saklawi-type Arabians, Amurath Sahib was sent to the stud in its inaugural year of 1947. The first of the Klemensow Amurath Sahib foals of note were born the following year; of the five born, the mare Brussa (Brzytwa) founded a flourishing family through her Doktryner daughter Barcelona, who was exported to England. Another five foals were born in 1950 and three gained notoriety - the stallion Dan Sahib (Damba), sold to East Germany in 1955, and the broodmares Daribba (Epizoda) and Darda (Brda). Both mares founded families still active at Michalow – Daribba is the dam of the noteworthy Daszawa, whose descendants include noted sires Derwisz, Dambor, Dryl and Solstice as well as the international champions Dacja, Dumka and Dzida; Darda produced Europaena champion Dardir, US & Canadian National Champion Dornaba.

Amurath Sahib’s biggest foal crop was born in 1950 – nine foals – from which his first on note emerged. This was Equifor, out of the legendary Forta, a Derby winner with a race record of 3/16 (7-7-2) including four additional stakes races. He was the typical dark bay of the Forta line horses and stood for one year at Michalow in 1957 prior to his untimely death the following spring. Ten foals were born in 1958, of which, only two sons found further us in breeding. Majdan (Mufta) was sold to the Egypt as a yearling and was subsequently sold to the Loebers of Plum Grove Arabians in the US in 1974 (whose horses ironically bore the “Amurath” prefix). He stood for many 11 years as a sire in North America siring many useful offspring. Another Equifor son, Cedr (out the valuable Witraz x Canaria daughter Cosmosa) was exported to Sweden in 1968 after serving on a limited basis in a private stud in Poland. Cedr was used for four seasons in Sweden where he sired the good broodmares Maricedia and Cesa (out of the Amurath Sahib daughter Sakla), the latter who founded a famous family of females whose produce include US National Champion Western Pleasure Catarina and a host of Swedish National winners including Certina, Margotka, Margant and Proceder. Cedr was sold to the US in 1971 and stood another seven successful years at stud.

The other foal of note in the 1951 crop of Amurath Sahib was none other than Estokada and Oaks and Criterium winner who literally put Michalow on the map. She was tragically lost at the age of 13 leaving only seven foals. Of those, five would gain international notoriety. The eldest daughter Esterka (Anarchista) was an Oaks winner. The next three daughters by Nabor all became legends in their own right. The eldest, Eskapada, was Polish National Reserve Champion Mare at age 21 and the dam of US Reserve National Champion Stallion Erros, Canadian Top Ten Park Horse Escudo, Regional Park Horse Champions Era and Estragon as well as the irresistible Ekstaza, Polish National Champion Mare and the dam of the enravishing European Champion Esklawa, who this past January was named Champion Mare in Ajman, UAE at age nineteen. Eskapada’s eldest daughter, US Top Ten Mare Espada, produced Estancja, dam of Polish National Junior Champion and European Reserve Senior Champion Mare Estarda as well as Polish National Champion Mare Ekscella. Espada’s greatest contribution, however, was Polish National Champion Mare Emisja, a mare of consummate class and refinement. Emisja was lost at just 10 years of age, leaving only international champion sire Enrilo and the legendary Emigracja as a legacy. Emigracja is a story in herself – multiple World, European, Polish, All Nations Cup, United States and Canadian National winners such as Emigrantka, Emanacja, Emigrant, Emanor, Emilda, El Mundo, Emanda, El Dorada, Emira, Erlanda and Edeon are all direct descendants.

The next Nabor daughter out of Estokada was Estebna, the very first European Champion mare, and a personal favorite of Director Jaworowski. Like her dam, she was also tragically lost to colic (this time even earlier at age 11) leaving only seven foals to carry on her legacy. The best of these was US National Champion Mare Elkana, the only mare of her status to have created an incredible family of National winners the likes of Ericca, Allience, A Temptation, To Love Again and Amoree. Polish National Reserve Champions Eufrat and Endel also descend from Estebna as does the current European show phenom Ekstern. The youngest Nabor daughter Edycja was US National Top Ten English Pleasure winner and the dam of the good sires Gay Apollo (Gaypolka) and Edytor (Kirkor). The final two foals of Estokada were both by the legendary Comet – Eter, who became a valuable sire of performance horses and broodmares in North America, and Estonia, who left a valuable legacy of race and show champions such as Estelka, Egis, Estepona, Elcanta, Errlis and Egina.

Eight foals each were born in the final two Amurath Sahib foal crops of 1951 and 1952. From these, four exceptional daughters and his two best sons emerged. The full sister to Estokada was Sakla, who was exported to Sweden along with her El Trypoli daughter Sake in 1962. There they founded a superlative dynasty of champions for Blommerod and Tarenas Arabstuteri, whose descendants include international champions Sadza, Salexja, Sagana, Szansa, Saudi and Gadir. Forta produced the bay Fortunka, whose progeny established a lasting dynasty in North America at Halali Arabians, including multi-National winner Fantazja and the good broodmares Skylark, Fiesta, Fanfare, Fantasia, Filigree and Finesse. Epizoda gave another daughter, Epigona, who gave only one daughter before she was eliminated from the breeding program. This was the legendary Eunice, arguably the best of the Comet daughters, and a mare who would become a legend at Janow Podlaski. She was the dam of dam of Kurozweki foundation mare Eufonia, North American sires Euros and Eunizar, the exquisite Euterpe and a quartet of foals by Bandos: Euni, Euben, Eukaliptus and Europa. Euni was exported to Australia where she found considerable fame and fortune; Euben was purchased by the Ostenfelde Stud in Germany where he would do likewise. Europa and Eukaliptus both became Polish National Champions and invaluable breeding animals: Europa as the source of several valuable daughters (Criterium winner Euzebia and thrice Dutch National Champion Europejcka amongst others) and two good sons (Polish National Champion and undefeated racehorse Europejczyk and Polish National Reserve Champion Eurol); and Eukaliptus as one of the most valuable sires of the last quarter century, with international superstars such as Emigrantka, Emanacja, Esklawa, Grenlandia, Erlanda, Passa, Larissa, Amra, Grafik and Esperanto to his credit.

The success of the Saga family (remember Estokada and Sakla?) with Amurath Sahib was continued with her granddaughter Gwara [Wielki Szlem x Canaria (Trypolis x Saga)] for two foals in each of those final years. The first was Gwadiana, a mare of immeasurable worth to worldwide Arabian breeding as the aristocrat dam of eight champions including US Reserve & Canadian National Champion Stallion and Park Gwalior, Top Ten Stallions Gwiazdor and Grandorr, Top Ten Mare Show Girl and the good sires Gwar and Gwasz El Azjaa. Two of her daughters would gain fame through their grandget: Gwyn as the dam of Gwyndalyn, dam of National Champion Stallion and important sire Strike; and Gwozdawa as the dam of US Reserve National Champion English & Western Pleasure Gdynia, who produce include the invaluable sires Gdansk and Cognac as well as the mares Gardenia, Garnet and Granaada.

Full brother to Gwadiana was Gwarny, described by Janow Director Andrzej Krzysztalowicz as a stallion “with very dry and correct conformation, especially his excellent feet and legs, despite the presence of some feathering. His neck was long, yet his head was a bit heavy and plainly hinged. His movement was extremely correct, but only mildly dynamic”. Roman Pankiewicz further described him “as always appearing larger and more substantial than his actual measurements. His character was ideal. He was vital to Polish Arabian breeding on the account of his exceptional structure”. Gwarny was for twenty-one years at stud in Poland until he was no longer fertile. Several of his daughters became outstanding producers: Cumparsita (Carmen) – her descendants include Kabala, Kwestura, Kawalkada and Kordelas; Saletra (Salina - ); Widawa (Warmia) – exported to Patricia Lindsay, UK; Wilcza Jagoda (Wataha) – exported to Blommerod Stud, Sweden; Familia (Felluka) – good racing family at Michalow; Mila (Meluzyna) – great-grandam of Oaks winner Mamba; Trema (Tradycja) – dam of Derby winner Traf; Pliszka (Pardwa) – her descendants include Premia, Premiera, Palba, Premier and Palanga; Albania (Aleksja) – dam of a useful family of racers ; Czarnuszka (Czapelka) – useful broodmare in US; Nidshem (Cisawica) – foundation mare for Papa’s Arabians, Sweden; and Arena (Arba) – dam of Oaks winner Atencja. Six sons of Gwarny established themselves as useful sires: Kirkor (Carmen) – National Champion Park Horse and a notable sire in Canada; Pasat (Parma) – German National Champion and successful sire in Europe and North America; Polonus (Planeta) – sire in America; Gedymin (Gastronomia) – useful broodmare sire in Poland whose best daughters include Weneda, Draperia, Etykieta, Finezja, Dzierlatka and Zlota Jesien and sons include Swedish National Champion Dylemat, Criterium winner Embargo, UK leading sire Dryl and Polish chief sire Woroblin; Argo (Arba) – Polish National Champion and successful sire in Poland and Sweden; and Polish National Champion Balon (Ballada) – who earned that title in 2003 at the age of 24, a real testament to his condition and solid structure. Balon is still servicing mares at Janow Podlaski – his best get include Polish National Champion Ellada (Emigracja), Europa Cup Winner Forint (Fontanna) and Produce Stakes Winner Hebron (Harpia). Poland does not yet have a replacement for Balon.

The best son of Amurath Sahib was the bay Arax (out of the Wielki Szlem daughter Angara), a decent racer with a record of 2/18 (5-5-2-4). Arax stood only one season at stud in Poland at Albigowa where he sired three daughters of merit: Boltonka (Bulgotka), Rokitka (Rokiczanka) and Zlota Iwa (Cesima). Boltonka was exported to the US where she became Reserve National Champion Mare and Top Ten Park and founded a family of champions with Bask such as Bomarc, Tonki, Flaming Fire, Bonfieree, Evening Breeze and New Fashion. Rokitka was an all-important foundation mare for Denise Borg’s Four Winds Farm and produced the National Futurity Champions Four Winds Kitkat and Four Winds Flag. Zlota Iwa found her way to Michalow after liquidation by Albigowa and there she produced the valuable daughters Zamiec (dam of Scottsdale Reserve Champion Zadymka, Criterium and Europa Cup Winner Zloty Potok and grandam of UK National Reserve Champion Zadyma), Zlota Jesien (dam of the good sire Zlotoglow), and All Nations Cup Champion and European Reserve Champion Zazula (ancestress of World, All Nations Cup & US National Champion Zagrobla, French chief sire Zulus, Polish National winners Zaleta and Zlocien and International winners Zalotna, Zenia and Psyada Bint Psyche).

In 1958, the tall and substantial Arax was exchanged to the USSR for the soon to become legendary sire Pietuszok and two Arabian mares: Prowierka (dam of the Triple Crown race sensation Prowarda who in turn produced National Champion Park dynasty foundress Prowizja) and Porfira (dam of Port Bask’s dam Portulaka and grandam of the aforementioned valuable Gwarny daughter Pliszka). At Tersk, Arax became the most important sire of his time and founded one of the most important male lines of the Russian breeding program, guaranteeing the successful continuation of the sire line of Bairactar to present day. During his eleven years at stud, he sired over 100 foals, of which nearly 50 daughters and ten sons were used for breeding purposes. The best of the Arax daughters were Sapina (Russian track record holder), Magnolia (dam of US National Champion Marsianin and Dutch National Champions Mag and Muslin), Naturshitsa, Karta (dam of German National Champion Kiliminjaro), Panama (foundress of a family of National winners), Maritsa (Dutch National Champion Mare and esteemed broodmare), Nemezida (dam of stallions National Champions Antey and Numizat), Psikhea (dam of World Champion Abdullaah), Prokasnitsa (dam of National Champion Musknitsa), Mechta (dam of European Champion Vodolej), Nahodka (dam of National winners Barodd and Mussiah) as well as Nagrada II, Nastavnitsa, Madera, Poema and Neporkonaia. Two of ten sons found greater fame in both Europe and North America: Dutch National Champion Naivnyi and the very masculine and athletic Tamerlan, who is now immortalized as the maternal grandam of Padrons Psyche.

The most important Arax son stood his all too brief eight years at stud at Tersk, where he was tragically lost at age 11. Unlike his predecessors who were known primarily for their daughters, Nabeg was definitively a sire of stallions (no doubt an influence of his maternal grandsire Naseem and his grandam Mammona, daughter of the legendary Ofir). The Nabeg sons spread the direct male Bairactar influence to the far corners of the world: US top Ten Stallions Pesniar, Ptersk and Nariadni; German National Champion Neman; international winners Prononce and Peleng; and the good sires Princip, Monokl and Nadejni. The most famous of the Nabeg daughters is undoubtedly multiple Top Ten winner Poznan, dam of the winningest show horse of all time, NDL Pericles.

The honor of best son of Nabeg must be bestowed upon Menes, chief sire at Tersk, in the US and later in his life in Belgium. During his long and prolific years at stud, he covered many of the best mares in the world and has sired numerous international winners of significance including World Champion Emperator, European Champion Marenga and Russian Superhorse Balaton. Balaton has been the most important sire of the modern Russian breeding program along with his son Kubinec, a World and European champion stallion with winners throughout the world. One of his best sons, already a sire of World, European and All Nations Cup champions, was named US National Champion Stallion in 2003: FS Bengali.

The other Nabeg son of major importance in Europe was Tallin, leased to Poland for four seasons (1985-1988) and used at Michalow and Kurozweki. He was out of a mare the Russians referred to “as the most beautiful daughter of Aswan” (high praise indeed) – Talantlivaia. The daughters of Tallin in Poland truly were beautiful specimens and many went on to win major titles – including Polish National Reserve Champions Wilnianka and Dzida – and to become important broodmares in the Polish breeding program. Four sons found fame abroad – Austrian National Champion Mezalians, Argentine National Reserve Champion Stallion Wagram, National Champion sire Wiersz (sire of the very fi